Justice Markandey Katju critiques the notion of India’s 1947 Independence as a ‘phoney freedom’, arguing that it did not liberate citizens from poverty, unemployment, or social injustices. He contends that the change from British to Indian rulers merely swapped oppressors, leading to governance by a corrupt, self-serving elite rather than the democratic ideal of rule by the people. Katju highlights the stark inequality, ineffective political leadership, and the misuse of nationalism to incite division, questioning the true value of the constitutional democracy established, which he sees as a scarecrow, ineffective against the real challenges facing the nation.