The Constitutional amendments aim at ending the independence of the Pakistan judiciary, which was perceived by the Pakistan Establishment as an obstacle to giving it a free hand in crushing opposition in Pakistan, though the judiciary was only doing its duty of protecting and upholding the fundamental rights of the people mentioned in Articles 8 to 28 of Pakistan’s Constitution. Pakistan’s judiciary, despite its several defects, was the last bastion and bulwark standing against the forces of fascism and dictatorship in Pakistan, all other institutions having collapsed. It had therefore to be removed, just as Hitler removed all obstacles to his autocratic and dictatorial fascist rule.